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Nineteens back, we do all of our work orders with the help of the computer. At that time, the GUI (graphical user interface) has no concept of.However, in Linux Command Line Interface is being widely used graphical user interface rather than the command line to work very fast.So in this post I'm listing commands CMD 7 key. Let's get into it.
Internal
Command: The internal Commands are those commands
that automatically loaded in the memory
when the operating system DOS is loaded into the memory. These commands are
loaded into the booting process.Read more Tricks at Computer Tweaks and Tricks
- COPY CON :- This command is used to create a new file with the extension txt. You cannot modify the contents of a file with this command.
Syntax: C:\>copy con filename.extenstion
Press f6 or (ctrl+z) to save the
file from the keyboard.
My name is Sumit Kumar. ^Z (ctrl+Z)
- TYPE :- This command is used to display the contents of the text file on the screen.
Example: C:\>type Sumit (it
displays content of text file sumit)
COPY :-
it allows the user to copy one or more file an alternate location. it is
also useful to copy files by using wildcards.
C:\>copy C:\sumit E:\amit
- REN :- This command is used to rename files and directories from the original name to a new name. In other words you can change the name of a file to some other name.
Syntax: C:\>ren [old filename] [new
filename]
The name of Sumit will be changed with amit
Example
C:\>sumit
Syntax:
C:\>dir folder name
- MD :- This command is used to create a new directory or subdirectory. Optional argument is the path, but if no PATH is included, the subdirectory will be created in the current working subdirectory.
Syntax:
C:\>md subdirectory name
Example: C\>md Sumit (create new subdirectory under C directory)
- CD :- This command is used to change the current working subdirectory to another subdirectory
Syntax:
C:\>cd subdirectory name
Example: C:\>cd Sumit (now change
subdirectory)
C:\Sumit>
Note: cd\ is used to return back to root directory.
Cd.. Is used to
return one step back
- RD :- This command is used to remove a subdirectory. The subdirectory is must be empty. If it contains files and subdirectory, you will find error message. First of all remove the subdirectory and files under a subdirectory then only can remove a subdirectory.
Example: C\>rd Sumit (remove subdirectory if
empty)
- CLS :- This is a command that allow a user to clear the complete content of the screen and leave only prompt on the top of the screen.
- VER :- This command is used to display the version number of MS-DOS. The types of command available in the DOS are dependent upon version of DOS.
Result is MS-DOS version 6.22
- VOL :- This command is used to display the volume information about the designated drive. It display the disk volume label and serial number, if they exist
Syntax: C :\> VOL [drive:]
Volume in drive C has no label.
Volume
Serial Number is 1C24-AB20
- DATE : This command can be used to look at the current date of the computer as well as change the date to an alternate date. You can also change the date to a new date. If you don’t need to change the date then just press enter.
- TIME : This command is used to display the current system time. You can also change the time to a new time. if you don’t need to change the time then just press enter.
- PATH : This command is used for searching a program with the specified directory.The entire path command include upto 127 characters.The path command create a search path for the program files only.
E.g.
: C:\> PATH=”C:\WINDOWS”
- PROMPT : This command is used to change the look default DOS prompt temporarily. Default prompt.as explained earlier contains - working directory with full path, slash and greater then symbols. The new prompt, we create, is able to executive all command in same way.
Syntax : PROMPT TEXT
E.g. :
C:\> PROMPT SAM
Other parameters
are:
Parameter Represent
$L < ( Less than symbol)
$G > (Greater than symbol)
$$ $ ( Dollar symbol)
$B | (Bar Symbol)
$V Version of DOS
$D Current system date
$T Current system time
$P Current Path
Thus we
can change working prompt according to our desire. To come back to original
prompt use : SAM> PROMPT
$P$G
- External
Command: These
commands are not the permanent part of the memory. To execute the external
command, an external file is required.Whenever an
External command is to be executed then the external files in which that
command is stored is transferred from secondary storage to main memory.
All executable files with extension .com, .exe, .bat are external
commands.
External Command:-External
commands are that are not automatically loaded when the operating system is loaded into the memory.
This is also high level language programs but they have to be manually
loaded the memory of computer, before
we can use them. To run specific external command,
we need the required program file.
- ATTRIB: - The
ATTRIB Command is an external Command. This Command is used sets or displays the read-only, archive,
system, and hidden attributes of a file or directory.
ATTRIB [+R|-R] [+A|-A] [+S|-S] [+H|-H] [d:] [path] filename [/S]
Example:
- C :\> attrib Sumit +r+h
1)
+r = make
a file read-only.
2)
–r = remove
the read-only status, makes a file editable again.
3)
+a = turns
on the archive bit (i.e. flags this file as not having been backed up)
4)
–a = turns
off the archive bit (i.e. shows this files as having been backed up)
5)
+s = marks
the file as a system file.
6)
–s = remove
the system file designation.
7)
+h = makes
the file “hidden” to other commands.
8)
–h = reveals
the file to other commands.
- BACKUP:- The BACKUP Command is an External Command. This Command is
used Makes a backup copy of one or more
files. (In DOS Version 6, this program is stored on the DOS
supplemental disk.
Example: - C :\> backup c:\work\*.*d:/s
- CHKDSK:-The CHDSK Command is an
External Command. This Command is used Checks a disk and provides a file and memory
status report.
- DELTREE:-The DELTREE Command is an
External Command. This Command is used Deletes (erases)
a directory including all files and subdirectories that are in it.
Syntax:-DELTREE [/Y] [d:] path
- DISKCOPY:-The DISKCOPY Command is an
External Command. This Command is used Makes an exact
copy of a diskette
Example: - C :\> diskcopy D:
6.
DISKCOMP:-The DISKCOMP Command is an External Command. This Command is used Compares the contents of two diskettes.
- FIND:-The FIND Command is an
External Command. This Command is used Finds and reports the location of a specific string of
text characters in one or more files.
Example: - C :\> fid
“hello” vinod
- FORMAT:-The FORMATE Command is an External Command. This Command is used Formats a disk to accept DOS files.
Syntax:- FORMAT d:[/1][/4][/8][/F:(size)]
[/N:(sectors)] [/T:(tracks)][/B|/S][/C][/V:(label)]
[/Q][/U][/V]
9.
MORE:-The MORE Command is an
External Command. This Command is used Sends output to console, one
screen at a time.
(name) |MORE
Example: - C :\> more Sumit
- MOVE :-The LABEL Command is an
External Command. This Command is used to move a file from one location one to other i.e.
changing the storage location of a file
Example: - C :\> move C:\Sumit\Aman\Raj C:\Sumit
- LABEL:-The LABEL Command is an External
Command. This Command is used Creates or changes or deletes a volume label for a
disk
Example: - C :\> label
Volume in drive c is Sumit
Volume serial number is
C8D9-BAD1.
- POWER:-The POWER Command is an External
Command. This Command is used to turn power management on and off, report the status
of power management, and set
levels of power conservation.
- PRINT:-The PRINT Command is an External
Command. This Command is used Queues and prints data files
Example: - C :\> print sumit.txt
- TREE:-The TREE Command is an
External Command. This Command is used Displays directory paths and (optionally) files in
each subdirectory
Syntax:-TREE [d:] [path] [/A]
[/F]
Syntax:-UNFORMAT d: [/J] [/L]
[/test] [/partn] [/P] [/U].
- XCOPY:- The XCOPY Command is an External
Command. This Command is used Copies directories, subdirectories, and
files.
Example: - C :\> xcopy
C\:\Sumit\*txt E:
